EMERGENCY DRUG CALCULATOR
Name    Select patient age from the dropdown box: 
   
Date Printed        kg    
  Enter estimated or actual patient weight: kg*    
*Weight must be entered to calculate drug doses. 
Reset weight and double check calculations between patients. 
RESUSCITATION                          
DRUG Dose calculation Dose   Volume Concentration Dilution      
Adrenaline 1:10 000  IV/IO 10 microgram/kg   mL of 1:10 000 Neat      
Atropine 20 microgram/kg   mL of 600mcg/mL Neat (min 100mcg, max 600mcg)  
Amiodarone 5mg/kg   mL of 15mg/mL 150mg vial made up to 10mL Glucose 5%  
                           
DEFIBRILLATION  
Defibrillation 4 joules/kg   Round up to nearest setting on defibrillator Adult Dose  
VF & pulseless VT
200J Biphasic
FLUID  
Fluid Bolus 20mL/kg Sodium chloride 0.9%     mL of Sodium chloride 0.9%        
Dextrose 2mL/kg of 10% Dextrose     mL of 10% Dextrose          
                           
INTUBATION                          
AIRWAY† EQUIPMENT †Airway sizes are based on patient age, not weight.  
ETT size Uncuffed Bougie: Laryngeal Mask Size:  
*Always have an ETT size above and below available Cuffed Bougie:          
Length at lips (oral)           Laryngoscope:  
  Length at nares (nasal)                    
INDUCTION AGENTS   Dose   Volume Concentration Dilution      
Ketamine 1-2mg/kg   mL of 10mg/mL 200mg vial made up to 20mL  
Propofol 1-3mg/kg   mL of 1% Propofol Neat        
Midazolam 0.1mg/kg   mL of 1mg/mL 2mL of 15mg/3mL made up to 10mL  
Thiopentone 3-5mg/kg   mL of 25mg/mL 500mg vial diluted in 20mL  
Fentanyl 2microg/kg   mL of 10microg/mL 100mcg vial made up to 10mL    
                           
MUSCLE RELAXANTS   Dose   Volume Concentration Dilution      
Suxamethonium 1-2mg/kg   mL of 50mg/mL Neat (100mg/2mL)  
Rocuronium 1.2-1.5mg/kg   mL of 10mg/mL Neat (50mg/5mL)  
Pancuronium 0.1mg/kg   mL of 1mg/mL 4mg vial made up to 4mL  
Vecuronium 0.1mg/kg   mL of 1mg/mL 10mg vial made up to 10mL  
                           
Sugammadex 16mg/kg     mL of 100mg/mL Neat (500mg/5mL)  
Immediate reversal dose
ANALGESIA                          
Fentanyl IV 1microg/kg   mL of 10microg/mL 100mcg vial made up to 10mL    
Fentanyl Intranasal 1.5microg/kg   mL of 100microg/mL Neat (50microg/mL)  
Morphine IV 0.1mg/kg   mL of 1mg/mL 10mg vial made up to 10mL  
                           
SEIZURES                          
Midazolam IV/IO 0.15mg/kg   mL of 1mg/mL 2mL of 15mg/3mL made up to 10mL  
Midazolam buccal 0.3mg/kg        
Levetiracetam (Keppra) 40mg/kg Dilute with an equal volume 0.9% sodium chloride. IV over 10 minutes.  Max 3g  
Phenytoin 20mg/kg (loading dose)   Max 1.5g   
Phenobarbitone 20mg/kg (loading dose)   Dilute to 20mg/mL. Give over 20 minutes Max 1g  
                           
RAISED ICP                          
Mannitol 0.25-1g/kg   mL of 20% Mannitol          
Sodium chloride 3% 3mL/kg     mL of Sodium chloride 3%        
                           
PUSH DOSE PRESSORS                        
Adrenaline (Epinephrine) 0.5-1microgram/kg 0.5 - 1  
Metaraminol 10microgram/kg   mL of 100microg/mL One 10mg vial made up in 100mL  
(Max 500 micrograms)
Sodium chloride 0.9%
OTHER DRUGS   Dose   Volume Concentration          
Adenosine 100microgram/kg     mL of 3mg/mL     Adult Dose 6mg  
then 200microgram/kg     mL       12mg  
then 300microgram/kg     mL          
                           
Calcium Gluconate 10% 0.5mL/kg     mL of 10% Calcium Gluconate   Max 20mL  
Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4% 1mL/kg (1mmol/kg)     mL of 8.4% NaHCO3          
Magnesium Sulphate 50% 0.1mL/kg     mL of 50% MgSO4     Max 4mL  
Note: Drug doses and calculations included here should be used as a guide only. 
A patient's clinical condition may require alteration of doses. If in doubt, seek senior medical advice.
Clinicians should always check drug doses are appropriate for patient age, weight and clinical condition before administering drugs.
Calculator created by Dennis Chow, PCH ED
 
INFUSION CALCULATOR  
Name    Select patient age from the dropdown box: 
   
Date Printed    kg    
  Enter estimated or actual patient weight: kg*    
*Weight must be entered to calculate drug doses.
Reset weight and double check calculations between patients. 
Standard Concentration infusions to be used with smart pumps - ensure pumps have been programmed with the standard concentration preparations.  
POST INTUBATION INFUSIONS  
                Dose Range  
Morphine Standard Concentration* 10-40 microg/kg/hr  
     
                       
    Bolus dose 20 microg/kg  (max 1 mg) every 10 minutes as required          
Fentanyl Standard Concentration* 2-10 microg/kg/hr  
     
                       
    Bolus dose 1-2 microg/kg (max 100 microg) every 5 minutes as required          
*Morphine and fentanyl infusion concentrations and rates are for post intubation sedation NOT analgesia.
Midazolam Standard Concentration  
Propofol   Neat  (10 mg/mL)     1-4 mg/kg/hr  
(dose for sedation during ventilation)              
                titrate to effect  
                       
Ketamine Standard Concentration 1-6 microg/kg/MINUTE  
(up to 45 microg/kg/min in refactory seizures)
               
    Bolus dose 1-2mg/kg as required          
PERIPHERAL INOTROPE INFUSIONS - peripheral IV infusion while central access is being obtained  
Adrenaline 6mg in 1000mL     6mg 1000mL of Sodium chloride 0.9% 1mL/kg/hr = 0.1microg/kg/min  
(Epinephrine)         or Glucose 5%  
                (0.05 microg/kg/min)  
Nordrenaline 6mg in 1000mL     6mg 1000mL of Sodium chloride 0.9% 1mL/kg/hr = 0.1microg/kg/min  
(Norepinephrine)         or Glucose 5%  
                (0.05 microg/kg/min)  
  Dose/kg in 50mL   Dose Solution Dose range  
Metaraminol 0.15mg/kg (max 10mg)   make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 0.05-0.5microg/kg/min  
  1mL/hr=0.05 microg/kg/min     or Glucose 5% 1-10mL/hr  
                       
INOTROPE INFUSIONS VIA CENTRAL VENOUS or INTRAOSSEOUS ACCESS (can be run via large peripheral IVC for short period)  
Adrenaline Standard Concentration 0.05-0.5 microg/kg/minute  
(Epinephrine) Titrate to effect
Noradrenaline Standard Concentration 0.05-0.5 microg/kg/minute  
(Norepinepherine) Titrate to effect
Drug Dose/kg in 50mL   Dose Solution Dose range  
Dobutamine 15mg/kg (max 625mg)     make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 5-20 microg/kg/min  
1mL/hr=5 microg/kg/min
or Glucose 5% 1-4 mL/hr
Dopamine 15mg/kg (max 750mg)   make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 5-20 microg/kg/min  
1mL/hr=5 microg/kg/min
or Glucose 5% 1-4 mL/hr
PROSTIN to maintain patency of ductus arteriosus in neonates with duct dependent congenital heart disease  
Prostaglandin E1 Low concentration First Dilution: 10-50 nanogram/kg/min  
(Alprostadil) 1mL/hr=10 nanogram/kg/min Draw up 500 microgram (1mL) and make up to 10mL Sodium  1-5 mL/hr  
        chloride 0.9% or Glucose 5%        
                 
                 
and dilute to 50mL with Sodium chloride 0.9% or Glucose 5%.
Final volume is 50mL
Note: Drug doses and calculations included here should be used as a guide only. 
A patient's clinical condition may require alteration of doses. If in doubt, seek senior medical advice.
Clinicians should always check drug doses are appropriate for patient age, weight and clinical condition before administering drugs.
If standard concentration or smart pumps not available, weight based infusions may be used for ease of titration:  
Drug Dose/kg in 50mL   Dose Solution Dose range  
Morphine* 1mg/kg (max 50mg)   make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 10-40 microg/kg/hr  
Patient ≤50kg: 1mL/hr=20 microg/kg/hr       or Glucose 5% 0.5-2 mL/hr  
Patient >50kg: 1mL/hr=1mg/hr                    
                     
Fentanyl* 100microg/kg (max 2.5g)   make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 2-10 microg/kg/hr  
Patient ≤25kg: 1mL/hr=2 microg/kg/hr
or Glucose 5% 1-5mL/hr
Patient  >25kg: 1ml/h=50microg/hr
*Morphine and fentanyl infusion concentrations and rates are for post intubation sedation NOT analgesia.
Midazolam 2.5mg/kg (max 125mg)   make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 50-200 microg/kg/hr  
Patient ≤50kg: 1mL/hr=50microg/kg/hr
or Glucose 5%
1-4 mL/hr
Patient > 50kg: 1mL/hr=2.5mg/hr            
Adrenaline 0.15mg/kg (max 7.5mg)   make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 0.05-0.5 microg/kg/min  
(Epinephrine) 1mL/hr=0.05 microg/kg/min
or Glucose 5% 1-10 mL/hr
Noradrenaline 0.15mg/kg (max 7.5mg)   make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 0.05-0.5 microg/kg/min  
(Norepinephrine) 1mL/hr=0.05 microg/kg/min
or Glucose 5% 1-10 mL/hr
 
For best print results, scale the print size to 65-70%
EMERGENCY DRUG CALCULATOR
                       
Calculations double checked by team leader:
 
RESUSCITATION
DRUG Dose calculation Dose
Volume Concentration Dilution
Adrenaline 1:10 000  IV/IO 10 microgram/kg
mL of 1:10 000 Neat
Atropine 20 microgram/kg
mL of 600mcg/mL Neat (min 100mcg, max 600mcg)
Amiodarone 5mg/kg
mL of 15mg/mL 150mg vial made up to 10mL Glucose 5%
DEFIBRILLATION
Defibrillation 4 joules/kg
Round up to nearest setting on defibrillator Adult Dose
VF & pulseless VT
360J Monophasic
200J Biphasic
FLUID
Fluid Bolus 20mL/kg Sodium chloride 0.9%
mL of Sodium chloride 0.9%
Dextrose 2mL/kg of 10% Dextrose
mL of 10% Dextrose
INTUBATION
AIRWAY† EQUIPMENT †Airway sizes are based on patient age, not weight.
ETT size Uncuffed Bougie Laryngeal Mask Size:
*Always have an ETT size above and below available Cuffed Bougie
Length at lips (oral)
Laryngoscope:
Length at nares (nasal)
INDUCTION AGENTS
Dose
Volume Concentration Dilution
Ketamine 1-2mg/kg
mL of 10mg/mL 200mg vial made up to 20mL
Propofol 1-3mg/kg
mL of 1% Propofol Neat
Midazolam 0.1mg/kg
mL of 1mg/mL 2mL of 15mg/3mL made up to 10mL
Thiopentone 3-5mg/kg
mL of 25mg/mL 500mg vial diluted in 20mL
Fentanyl 2microg/kg
mL of 10microg/mL 100mcg vial made up to 10mL
MUSCLE RELAXANTS
Dose
Volume Concentration Dilution
Suxamethonium 1-2mg/kg
mL of 50mg/mL Neat (100mg/2mL)
Rocuronium 1.2-1.5mg/kg
mL of 10mg/mL Neat (50mg/5mL)
Pancuronium 0.1mg/kg
mL of 1mg/mL 4mg vial made up to 4mL
Vecuronium 0.1mg/kg
mL of 1mg/mL 10mg vial made up to 10mL
Sugammadex 16mg/kg
mL of 100mg/mL Neat (500mg/5mL)
Immediate reversal dose
ANALGESIA                      
Fentanyl IV 1microg/kg
mL of 10microg/mL 100mcg vial made up to 10mL
Fentanyl Intranasal 1.5microg/kg
mL of 100microg/mL Neat (50microg/mL)
Morphine IV 0.1mg/kg
mL of 1mg/mL 10mg vial made up to 10mL
SEIZURES
Midazolam IV/IO 0.15mg/kg
mL of 1mg/mL 2mL of 15mg/3mL made up to 10mL
Midazolam buccal 0.3mg/kg
Levetiracetam (Keppra) 40mg/kg
Dilute with an equal volume 0.9% sodium chloride. IV over 10 minutes.  Max 3g
Phenytoin 20mg/kg (loading dose)
Max 1.5g 
Phenobarbitone 20mg/kg (loading dose)
Dilute to 20mg/mL. Give over 20 minutes Max 1g
RAISED ICP
Mannitol 0.25-1g/kg
mL of 20% Mannitol
Sodium chloride 3% 3mL/kg
mL of Sodium chloride 3%
PUSH DOSE PRESSORS
   
Adrenaline (Epinephrine) 0.5-1microgram/kg
0.5 - 1
Metaraminol 10microgram/kg
mL of 100microg/mL One 10mg vial made up in 100mL
(Max 500 micrograms)
Sodium chloride 0.9%
OTHER DRUGS
Dose
Volume Concentration
Adenosine 100microgram/kg
mL of 3mg/mL
Adult Dose 6mg
then 200microgram/kg
mL
12mg
then 300microgram/kg
mL
Calcium Gluconate 10% 0.5mL/kg
mL of 10% Calcium Gluconate
Max 20mL
Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4% 1mL/kg (1mmol/kg)
mL of 8.4% NaHCO3
Magnesium Sulphate 50% 0.1mL/kg
mL of 50% MgSO4
Max 4mL
Note: Drug doses and calculations included here should be used as a guide only. 
A patient's clinical condition may require alteration of doses. If in doubt, seek senior medical advice.
Clinicians should always check drug doses are appropriate for patient age, weight and clinical condition before administering drugs.
 
Standard Concentration infusions to be used with smart pumps - ensure pumps have been programmed with the standard concentration preparations.
POST INTUBATION INFUSIONS
Dose Range
Morphine Standard Concentration*
10-40 microg/kg/hr
Start at 10 microg/kg/hr and titrate to effect
Bolus dose 20 microg/kg  (max 1 mg) every 10 minutes as required
Fentanyl Standard Concentration*
2-10 microg/kg/hr
Start at 2 microg/kg/hr and titrate to effect
Bolus dose 1-2 microg/kg (max 100 microg) every 5 minutes as required
*Morphine and fentanyl infusion concentrations and rates are for post intubation sedation NOT analgesia.
Midazolam Standard Concentration
Propofol
Neat  (10mg/mL)
1-4 mg/kg/hr
(dose for sedation during ventilation)
titrate to effect
Ketamine Standard Concentration
1-6 microg/kg/MINUTE
(up to 45 microg/kg/min in refactory seizures)
Bokus dose 1-2 mg/kg as required Start at 1 microg/kg/min and titrate to effect
PERIPHERAL INOTROPE INFUSIONS - peripheral IV infusion while central access is being obtained
Dose Solution Dose Range
Adrenaline (Epinephrine) 6mg in 1000mL 6mg 1000mL of Sodium chloride 0.9% 1mL/kg/hr = 0.1microg/kg/min
or Glucose 5%
(0.05 microg/kg/min)
Metaraminol 0.15mg/kg (max 10mg) make up to 50mL Sodium chloride 0.9% 0.05-0.5microg/kg/min
1mL/hr=0.05 microg/kg/min
or Glucose 5% 1-10mL/hr
Calculator created by Dennis Chow, PCH ED
FLUID CALCULATOR
Name    Select patient age from the dropdown box: 
 
Date Printed    kg  
  If patient weight is known, enter it here: kg  
  NOTE: It is the clinician's responsibility to double check patient age and weight before prescribing fluid.  
  A patient's clinical condition may require a fluid regimen different to the calculated rate.  
  Please consult a senior clinician for advice as required.  
                           
Estimate Patient's Level of Dehydration 
%                
                           
  Rehydrate over a period of 
hours              
kg:            
Daily Maintenance Fluid Requirement is: ml
ml
To rehydrate over hours:
Run Fluid Rate at:  mL/hour
Assessment of Level of Dehydration
Mild (<3%) Moderate (4-6%) Severe (7-10%)
No physical signs Dry mucous membranes Increasingly marked signs from moderate group PLUS
Reduced urine output Decreased peripheral perfusion (cool, mottled, pale peripheries, CRT>2 sec)
OR Tachycardia
Sunken eyes
Thirst Diminished skin turgor Anuria
Dry mucous membranes Altered neurological status (drowsiness, irritaility) Hypotension
Reduced urine output Circulatory collapse
NORMAL PAEDIATRIC VALUES
 
  Select patient age from the dropdown box: 
 
   
 
  Heart Rate bpm    
  Respiratory Rate bpm    
  Blood Pressure (systolic) mmHg    
  Blood Pressure (diastolic) mmHg    
References: 
    HR & RR modified from:  Fleming S et al. Normal ranges of heart rate and respiratory rate in children from birth to 18 years of age: a systematic review of observational studies. Lancet 2011 Mar 19;377(9770):974-975 
BP values from: Kleigman, R.M., et al. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2011
Advanced+Life+Support+Protocol.jpg
 
 
This calculator was designed to be simple and straighforward to use.
Select the age of the patient from the drop-down box - this will provide an estimated weight for age.
Enter this in box A (figure 1). If the weight of patient is known, enter value (in kg) in box A. 
                       
Select patient age from the dropdown box: 
kg
    Enter estimated or actual patient weight: A kg*      
*Weight must be entered to calculate drug doses
Figure 1.
Airway calculations (ETT size and lengths) are based on age. Therefore, correct age must be selected
for ETT calculations to be correct.
All other calculations are based on weight. A weight must be entered in box A for drug doses. 
This may be the estimated weight which is calculated by age or actual patient weight.
Weight is estimated using the following formulae:
Age <12 months - (0.5 x age in months) + 4
Age 1-5 years - (2 x age in years) + 8
Age >6 years - (3 x age in years) + 7
All calculations are based on Perth Children's Hospital Emergency Department and Advanced
Paediatric Life Support (Aust & NZ) guidelines and were current in August 2023.
Each patient and clinical situation is unique and this must be taken into consideration when deciding
on which drug and dose should be used. Senior advice should be sought if there is any doubt.
If there are any errors in calculations or drug doses or if you have comments or suggestions, email:
dennis.chow@health.wa.gov.au
Latest update v11.3: July 2024